Prevalence of depression and its relation to risky behaviors in students of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Iran, 2014
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22122/cdj.v6i3.285Keywords:
Depression, Risky Behavior, StudentsAbstract
BACKGROUND: Students, particularly medical students, due to the special circumstances, are susceptible to loss their mental health. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of depression and its relation to risky behaviors among students of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran, in 2014.
METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study conducted among 323 medical/paramedical students in Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences. Data were collected through Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and a checklist including demographic information. Chi-square or Fisher's exact tests and logistic regression method were used to determine the relationship between depression and investigated variables.
RESULTS: A total of 323 students, including 161 men (49.8%) and 162 women (50.2%) with mean age of
22.09 ± 1.67 years were investigated. From our series, 147 students (45.5%) had the symptoms of depression. Although several variables including degree satisfaction, experiencing educational failure, alcohol consumption, smoking, and having family problems increased the chance of depression in univariate analysis, degree dissatisfaction was the only significant factor for depression occurrence in multivariate analysis by logistic regression.
CONCLUSION: Given the results, degree dissatisfaction was the most important factor related to the occurrence of depression. This variable should be considered before entering to the university by students and their parents.
References
Heim C, Plotsky PM, Nemeroff CB. Importance of
studying the contributions of early adverse experience to neurobiological findings in depression. Neuropsychopharmacology 2004; 29(4): 641-8.
Fernando S. Race and culture in psychiatry (Psychology Revivals). London, UK: Routledge; 2014.
Kessler RC, Bromet EJ. The epidemiology of depression across cultures. Annu Rev Public Health 2013; 34: 119-38.
Quiroga CV, Janosz M, Bisset S, Morin AJ. Early adolescent depression symptoms and school dropout: Mediating processes involving self-reported academic competence and achievement. J Educ Psychol 2013; 105(2): 552-60.
Iqbal S, Gupta S, Venkatarao E. Stress, anxiety and depression among medical undergraduate students and their socio-demographic correlates. Indian J Med Res 2015; 141(3): 354-7.
Basnet B, Jaiswal M, Adhikari B, Shyangwa PM. Depression among undergraduate medical students. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 2012; 10(39): 56-9.
Haldorsen H, Bak NH, Dissing A, Petersson B. Stress and symptoms of depression among medical students at the University of Copenhagen. Scand J Public Health 2014; 42(1): 89-95.
Ngasa SN, Sama CB, Dzekem BS, Nforchu KN, Tindong M, Aroke D, et al. Prevalence and factors associated with depression among medical students in Cameroon: A cross-sectional study. BMC Psychiatry 2017; 17(1): 216.
Al-Busaidi Z, Bhargava K, Al-Ismaily A, Al-Lawati H, Al-Kindi R, Al-Shafaee M, et al. Prevalence of depressive symptoms among university students in Oman. Oman Med J 2011; 26(4): 235-9.
Othieno CJ, Okoth RO, Peltzer K, Pengpid S, Malla LO. Depression among university students in Kenya: prevalence and sociodemographic correlates. J Affect Disord 2014; 165: 120-5.
Shamsipour M, Korani Bahador R, Mohammadpoorasl A, Mansouri A. Smoking prevalence and associated factors to quit among Tabriz dormitory University Medical Students, Tabriz, Iran. Qom Univ Med Sci J 2012; 6(1): 75-82. [In Persian].
Jalilian F, Karami Matin B, Ahmadpanah M, Ataee M, Ahmadi Jouybari T, Eslami AA, et al. Socio-demographic characteristics associated with cigarettes smoking, drug abuse and alcohol drinking among male medical university students in Iran. J Res Health Sci 2015; 15(1): 42-6.
Babaei Heydarabadi A, Ramezankhani A, Barekati H, Tavassoli E, Gharli Pour Z. Knowledge and attitude of dormitory students of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences about substance abuse in 2013. J Paramed Sci 2014; 5(3): 63-8.
Kozlov AA, Rokhlina ML. Dependence of the formation of the addictive personality on the predisposing factors. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2001; 101(5): 16-20.
Klein DN, Kotov R, Bufferd SJ. Personality and depression: Explanatory models and review of the evidence. Annu Rev Clin Psychol 2011; 7: 269-95.
Karami M. The study of the rate of depression in allied health faculty students of kashan university of medical sciences in 2008. J Urmia Nurs Midwifery Fac 2009; 7(3). [In Persian].
Aghakhani N, Sharif NH, Eghtedar S, Rahbar N, Jasemi M, Mesgar Zadeh M. Prevalence of depression among students of Urmia University of Medical Sciences (Iran). Iran J Psychiatry Behav Sci 2011; 5(2): 131-5.
Dahlin M, Joneborg N, Runeson B. Stress and depression among medical students: A cross-sectional study. Med Educ 2005; 39(6): 594-604.
Puthran R, Zhang MW, Tam WW, Ho RC. Prevalence of depression amongst medical students: A meta-analysis. Med Educ 2016; 50(4): 456-68.
Peterlini M, Tiberio IF, Saadeh A, Pereira JC, Martins MA. Anxiety and depression in the first year of medical residency training. Med Educ 2002; 36(1): 66-72.
Schwenk TL, Davis L, Wimsatt LA. Depression, stigma, and suicidal ideation in medical students. JAMA 2010; 304(11): 1181-90.
Inam SN, Saqib A, Alam E. Prevalence of anxiety and depression among medical students of private university. J Pak Med Assoc 2003; 53(2): 44-7.
Fadem B, Schuchman M, Simring SS. The relationship between parental income and academic performance of medical students. Acad Med 1995; 70(12): 1142-4.
Rospenda KM, Halpert J, Richman JA. Effects of social support on medical students' performances. Acad Med 1994; 69(6): 496-500.
Becker JL, Milad MP, Klock SC. Burnout, depression, and career satisfaction: Cross-sectional study of obstetrics and gynecology residents. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2006; 195(5): 1444-9.
