Prevalence of long-term complications of COVID-19 infection in  patients with underlying disease: Prevalence of long-term complications of COVID-19

Ezatollah Rahimi; Anvar  Mohamadi; Hana Khosravi; Nasrin Moghimi

doi:10.22122/cdj.v12i2.895

Authors

Ezatollah Rahimi Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7727-2395
Anvar Mohamadi Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0717-5474
Hana Khosravi Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine ,Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2328-4833
Nasrin Moghimi Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine AND Clinical Research Development Unit, Kowsar Hospital, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2025-0168

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22122/cdj.v12i2.895

Keywords:

COVID-19, Long-term Complications, Rheumatic Diseases

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is still a health problem worldwide. As our current knowledge about the interaction of various underlying diseases and their management in COVID-19 mortality is gradually evolving, the current study investigated the complications and outcomes of COVID-19 up to 1 year after infection in individuals with underlying diseases.

METHODS: In a retrospective cohort study, 725 patients with COVID-19 (414 women and 311 men) who had a history of specific diseases were selected and included in the study. The medical records of COVID-19 patients admitted to Kowsar Hospital, Iran, with cancer, kidney disease, history of organ transplant, history of cerebrovascular accident ‎(CVA), and rheumatic diseases between 2020 and 2021 were investigated. In order to collect information about the condition of the patients and the complications, the patients were contacted until 1 year after contracting COVID-19. For analytical purposes and hypotheses, the chi-square t-test and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used. Data analysis was performed in Stata software.

RESULTS: The most common underlying diseases among hospitalized patients were rheumatic diseases (28.3%), followed by cancer (25.5%), and a history of CVA (16.6%). Despite the treatment, 241 patients (33.2%) died, and 96 of them (13%) died after being discharged from the hospital.

CONCLUSION: The results of the present study showed that decrease in appetite and increase in the duration of hospitalization can be predictors of the probability of death after COVID-19 infection in patients with a history of the studied underlying diseases.

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Prevalence of long-term complications of COVID-19 infection in patients with underlying disease