Predicting corona anxiety based on emotional schemas and personality traits in nurses: Predicting corona anxiety

Noshin Ashja-Arvan; Sahar Naderi-Nooreini; Samin Shahhosseini; Naeimeh Ghasemi; Fatemeh Fazeli

doi:10.22122/cdj.v11i4.709

Authors

Noshin Ashja-Arvan Department of Psychology, School of Humanities and Literature, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5108-429X
Sahar Naderi-Nooreini Department of Psychology, School of Humanities and Literature, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7216-3322
Samin Shahhosseini Department of Psychology, School of Humanities and Literature, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4679-9917
Naeimeh Ghasemi Department of General Psychology, School of Psychology and Social Sciences, Roudehen Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
Fatemeh Fazeli Department of Clinical Psychology, School of Humanities, Semnan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Semnan, Iran https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3973-9171

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22122/cdj.v11i4.709

Keywords:

COVID-19, Anxiety disorders, Nurses

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The high prevalence of corona disease has caused stress, anxiety, and distress in various groups, including medical personnel. Therefore, the aim of this study was to predict corona anxiety in nurses based on their emotional schemas and personality traits.

METHODS: The present study was a descriptive-correlational research. The statistical population of the study consisted of all nurses in the treatment department of Markazi Province, Iran, 2019. Through convenience sampling method, 290 individuals (163 women and 123 men) were selected. Participants were assessed using the Corona Anxiety Scale, NEO Five Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI), and Emotional Schemas ‎Scale. The research data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and regression analysis in SPSS software.

RESULTS: The results of Pearson correlation analysis and stepwise regression showed that corona anxiety has a positive relationship with all emotional schemas, except poor consciousness. Moreover, it has a positive relationship with the psychological personality trait of neuroticism, and a significant negative relationship with openness to experience and agreeableness (P < 0.01). Furthermore, the emotional schemas of unfaithfulness, lack of perception, guilt, worthlessness, and the personality traits of neuroticism and empiricism (P < 0.01) were predictors of corona anxiety.

CONCLUSION: Based on the results, emotional schemas and personality traits are effective on corona anxiety and these variables can be considered in corona crisis conditions in nurses.

References

Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, Ren L, Zhao J, Hu Y, et al. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet. 2020; 395(10223): 497-506.

World Health Organization. Coronavirus disease (COVID-19): Situation report, 203. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO; 2020.

Mazza MG, De Lorenzo R, Conte C, Poletti S, Vai B, Bollettini I, et al. Anxiety and depression in COVID-19 survivors: Role of inflammatory and clinical predictors. Brain Behav Immun. 2020; 89: 594-600.

Kumar A, Somani A. Dealing with corona virus anxiety and OCD. Asian J Psychiatr. 2020; 51: 102053.

Brooks SK, Webster RK, Smith LE, Woodland L, Wessely S, Greenberg N, et al. The psychological impact of quarantine and how to reduce it: Rapid review of the evidence. Lancet. 2020; 395(10227): 912-20.

Qin X, Shu K, Wang M, Chen W, Huang M, Yang A, et al. Mental health status of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 in Changsha. Zhong Nan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. 2020; 45(6): 657-64.

Shahyad S, Mohammadi MT. Psychological impacts of Covid-19 outbreak on mental health status of society individuals: A narrative review. J Mil Med. 2020; 22(2): 184-92.

Huang Y, Zhao N. Generalized anxiety disorder, depressive symptoms and sleep quality during COVID-19 outbreak in China: A web-based cross-sectional survey. Psychiatry Res. 2020; 288: 112954.

Leahy RL. Resistance: An emotional schema therapy (EST) approach. In: Simos G, editor. Cognitive behaviour therapy: A guide for the practising clinician. New York, NY: Routledge; 2009. p. 187-204.

COVID-19 Mental Disorders Collaborators. Global prevalence and burden of depressive and anxiety disorders in 204 countries and territories in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Lancet. 2021; 398(10312): 1700-12.

Bayazi MH, Gohari Z, Hojjat SK, Behrad A. Relationship between emotional schemas and anxiety, depression and coping stress styles in patients with coronary artery disease. J North Khorasan Univ Med Sci. 2014; 5(5): 1091-8.

Karami S, Banijamali S, Khosravi Z, Parhoon H. The role of emotional schemas in predicting anxiety and depression in patients with cancer. J Res Behav Sci. 2017; 15(3): 291-8.

Slusarska B, Nowicki GJ, Niedorys-Karczmarczyk B, Chrzan-Rodak A. Prevalence of depression and anxiety in nurses during the first eleven months of the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022; 19(3): 1154.

Bagherinia H, Yamini M, Ilderabadi Eh, Bagherinia F. Relationship between personality traits and mental health with resilience mediation in nurses. J Sabzevar Univ Med Sci. 2016; 22(6): 1063-70.

Ghorbani V, Jandaghiyan M, Jokar S, Zanjani Z. The Prediction of Depression, Anxiety, and Stress during the COVID-19 Outbreak Based on Personality Traits in the Residents of Kashan City from March to April 2020: A Descriptive Study. J Rafsanjan Univ Med Sci. 2021; 20(5): 503-18.

Aldao A, Nolen-Hoeksema S. Specificity of cognitive emotion regulation strategies: A transdiagnostic examination. Behav Res Ther. 2010; 48(10): 974-83.

Evans SJ, Bassis CM, Hein R, Assari S, Flowers SA, Kelly MB, et al. The gut microbiome composition associates with bipolar disorder and illness severity. J Psychiatr Res. 2017; 87: 23-9.

Alipour A, Ghadami A, Alipour Z, Abdollahzadeh H. Preliminary validation of the Corona Disease Anxiety Scale (CDAS) in the Iranian sample. Health Psychology. 2020; 8(32): 163-75.

Costa PT, McCrae RR. The Five-Factor Model of Personality and its relevance to personality disorders. J Pers Disord. 1992; 6(4): 343-59.

Ahmadi A, Ziapour A, Lebni JY, Mehedi N. Prediction of academic motivation based on variables of personality traits, academic self-efficacy, academic alienation and social support in paramedical students. Community Health Equity Res Policy. 2023; 43(2): 195-201.

Hanzadeh M, Edrisi F, Muhammadkhani S, Saidian M. Factor structure and psychometric properties of Emotional Schema Scale. Clinical Psychology Studies. 2013; 3(11): 91.

Rubin GJ, Wessely S. The psychological effects of quarantining a city. BMJ. 2020; 368: m313.

Tang T, Ibrahim A, West W. Effects of war-related stress on the satisfaction of human needs: The United States and the Middle East. Int J Manag Theory Pract. 2002; 3 (1): 35-53.

Aschwanden D, Strickhouser JE, Sesker AA, Lee JH, Luchetti M, Stephan Y, et al. Psychological and behavioural responses to coronavirus disease 2019: The role of personality. Eur J Pers. 2021; 35(1): 51-66.

Predicting corona anxiety based on emotional schemas and personality traits in nurses