Prediction of psychological distress based on coronavirus anxiety and self-care among Iranian adolescents during the coronavirus epidemic
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22122/cdj.v10i1.682Keywords:
Anxiety, Self-Care, Psychological Distress, Adolescents, CoronavirusAbstract
BACKGROUND: The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) disease had a negative impact on adolescents’ physical and psychological health. This study aimed to investigate the association between coronavirus anxiety and self-care with psychological distress among Iranian adolescents during the coronavirus epidemic.
METHODS: This was a descriptive-correlational study conducted on 419 Iranian adolescents in March 2021, in which the convenience method was adopted for sampling. An anonymous self-administered questionnaire was used, which included Corona Disease Anxiety Scale (CDAS), Corona Self-Care Questionnaire (CSCQ), and Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10). The data were analyzed using the SPSS software and also Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise regression tests.
RESULTS: The results showed that there was a significant relationship between coronavirus anxiety (r = 0.279,
P < 0.001) and self-care (r = -0.265, P < 0.001) with self-care. The results also indicated that coronavirus anxiety and self-care could predict approximately 17% of the variance in psychological distress (R2 = 0.168; F = 13.55; P < 0.001).
CONCLUSION: Due to the role of coronavirus anxiety and self-care in predicting the psychological distress among Iranian adolescents during the coronavirus epidemic, it is suggested to design interventions to improve psychological distress.
References
Zhang J, Lu H, Zeng H, Zhang S, Du Q, Jiang T, et al. The differential psychological distress of populations affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Brain Behav Immun. 2020; 87: 49-50.
Tejada MH, Lambea GA, Sancho SA, Villar YC, Pardinas BB, Sagarra MD, et al. Ischaemic stroke in the time of coronavirus disease 2019. Eur J Neurol. 2020; 27(9): 1788-92.
Qiu J, Shen B, Zhao M, Wang Z, Xie B, Xu Y. A nationwide survey of psychological distress among Chinese people in the COVID-19 epidemic: implications and policy recommendations. Gen Psychiatr. 2020; 33(2): e100213.
Liu S, Heinz A. Cross-Cultural Validity of psychological distress measurement during the coronavirus pandemic. Pharmacopsychiatry. 2020; 53(5): 237-8.
Vahedian-Azimi A, Moayed MS, Rahimibashar F, Shojaei S, Ashtari S, Pourhoseingholi MA. Comparison of the severity of psychological distress among four groups of an Iranian population regarding COVID-19 pandemic. BMC Psychiatry. 2020; 20(1): 402.
Weissman DG, Rodman AM, Rosen ML, Kasparek S, Mayes M, Sheridan MA, et al. Contributions of emotion regulation and brain structure and function to adolescent internalizing problems and stress vulnerability during the COVID-19 pandemic: A longitudinal study. Biol Psychiatry Glob Open Sci. 2021; 1(4): 272-82.
Zhou X. Managing psychological distress in children and adolescents following the COVID-19 epidemic: A cooperative approach. Psychol Trauma. 2020; 12(S1): S76-S78.
Pengpid S, Peltzer K. Prevalence and associated factors of psychological distress among a national sample of in-school adolescents in Morocco. BMC Psychiatry. 2020; 20(1): 475.
Bajema KL, Oster AM, McGovern OL, Lindstrom S, Stenger MR, Anderson TC, et al. Persons evaluated for 2019 novel coronavirus - United States, January 2020. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2020; 69(6): 166-70.
Alipour A, Ghadami A, Alipour Z, Abdollahzadeh H. Preliminary validation of the Corona Disease Anxiety Scale (CDAS) in the Iranian sample. Health Psychology. 2020; 8(32): 163-75.
Lee SA, Jobe MC, Mathis AA, Gibbons JA. Incremental validity of coronaphobia: Coronavirus anxiety explains depression, generalized anxiety, and death anxiety. J Anxiety Disord. 2020; 74: e102268.
Berthelot N, Lemieux R, Garon-Bissonnette J, Drouin-Maziade C, Martel E, Maziade M. Uptrend in distress and psychiatric symptomatology in pregnant women during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2020; 99(7): 848-55.
Unadkat S, Farquhar M. Doctors' wellbeing: self-care during the covid-19 pandemic. BMJ. 2020; 368: m1150.
Mehraeen E, Hayati B, Saeidi S, Heydari M, Seyedalinaghi S. Self-care instructions for people not requiring hospitalization for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Arch Clin Infect Dis. 2020; 15(COVID-19): e102978.
Di Benedetto M, Towt CJ, Jackson ML. A cluster analysis of sleep quality, self-care behaviors, and mental health risk in australian university students. Behav Sleep Med. 2020; 18(3): 309-20.
Bayat M, Alinezhad M, Safari S, Keramati F. Role of social awareness and moral intelligence with health self-care during the coronavirus epidemic. Razi J Med Sci 2021. [In Press].
Hajebi A, Motevalian A, Amin-Esmaeili M, Rahimi-Movaghar A, Sharifi V, Hoseini L, et al. Adaptation and validation of short scales for assessment of psychological distress in Iran: The Persian K10 and K6. Int J Methods Psychiatr Res. 2018; 27(3): e1726.
Hope V, Henderson M. Medical student depression, anxiety and distress outside North America: A systematic review. Med Educ. 2014; 48(10): 963-79.
Azizi S, Maghsoudloo A, Baheshmat S. Comparison of coping strategies and emotion regulation tendencies among opium users, methadone maintenance treatment clients and normal individuals. J Research Health. 2019; 9(6): 533-43.
Hashemi Razini H, Baheshmat Juybari S, Ramshini M. Relationship between coping strategies and locus of control with the anxiety of death in old people. Salmand Iran J Ageing. 2017; 12(2): 232-41.
Amirfakhraei A, Masoumifard M, Esmaeilishad B, Dasht Bozorgi Z, Darvish Baseri L. Prediction of corona virus anxiety based on health concern, psychological hardiness, and positive meta-emotion in diabetic patients. J Diabetes Nurs. 2020; 8(2): 1072-83.
O'Brien WH, Wang S, Xu H, Wang S, Yang Z, Yang JT, et al. Psychological reactions to COVID-19: Survey data assessing perceived susceptibility, distress, mindfulness, and preventive health behaviors. Data in Brief. 2021; 34: e106687.
Farahani MN, Amin Esmaeili M, Baheshmat Juybari S. The mediating role of self efficacy in the relationship between impulsivity and evoidant coping with relapse in opioid dependence. Research on Addiction. 2019; 13(51): 143-66.
Farivar M, Aziziaram S, Basharpoor S. The role of health promoting behaviors and health beliefs in predicting of corona anxiety (COVID-19) among nurses. Journal of Nursing Management. 2020; 9(4): 1-10.
Baheshmat S, Hashemi-Razini H, Khaledi A. Identifying the effective factors on depression in patients with multiple sclerosis using structural equation modeling approach: The role of stress, self-esteem, and mindfulness. Chron Dis J. 2019; 7(2): 80-6.
