Nurses’ understanding of evidence-based practice: Identification of barriers to utilization of research in teaching hospitals
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22122/cdj.v7i1.371Keywords:
Evidence-Based Practice, Knowledge, Attitude, Nursing, Teaching Hospitals, IranAbstract
BACKGROUND: In medical organizations, utilizing evidence-based practice (EBP) helps nurses and patients make the best decision in health care in certain clinical settings. Hence, recognizing its educational barriers is so important.
METHODS: The present study was a descriptive-analytical research that was conducted using a cross-sectional design in 6 teaching hospitals of Qazvin City, Iran, in 2014. The study sample consisted of 260 nurses. Based on the number of the nurses working in each hospital, the study sample was chosen by a stratified random method. Two questionnaires were employed to collect the required data. The first questionnaire was Evidence-Based Practice Questionnaire (EBPQ) that evaluates nurses’ understanding of EBP. The second questionnaire was related to measuring the barriers to utilization of research by the nurses that was developed by Funk et al. For analyzing the collected data, frequency distribution tables, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and linear regression coefficient were used.
RESULTS: The total mean of EBP among the nurses was at a level above average. The subscales of knowledge/skill (3.74) and attitude (3.87) had a lower average compared to the subscale of practice (4.14). The total mean of the barriers was 3.07. According to the results of the present study, organization and adopter had the highest and lowest means, respectively.
CONCLUSION: Identifying the barriers that affect effective EBP implementation can help nurses achieve their goals by removing these obstacles, building the necessary infrastructure, and providing human, physical, and financial resources.
References
Pazargadi M, Zagheri Tafreshi M, Abed Saeedi Z. Nurses' perspectives on quality of nursing care: A qualitative study. Pajouhesh Dar Pezeshki 2007; 31(2): 155-8. [In Persian].
Zakavati R, Foroughi S, Mahdiannasab SA, Haghighi S, Mosavi SA, Hossein Abbasi N, et al. Fundamentals and principles of management in nursing. Tehran, Iran: Khosravi Publications; 2005. [In Persian].
Polit DF, Beck CT. Nursing research: Principles and methods. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2004.
Stillwell SB, Fineout-Overholt E, Melnyk BM, Williamson KM. Evidence-based practice, step by step: Asking the clinical question: A key step in evidence-based practice. Am J Nurs 2010; 110(3): 58-61.
Lewis SL, Prowant BF, Cooper CL, Bonner PN. Nephrology nurses' perceptions of barriers and facilitators to using research in practice. ANNA J 1998; 25(4): 397-405.
International Council of Nurses. Position statements [Online]. [cited 2007]; Available from: URL: https://www.icn.ch/nursing-policy/position-statements
Maljanian R, Caramanica L, Taylor SK, MacRae JB, Beland DK. Evidence-based nursing practice, Part 2: Building skills through research roundtables. J Nurs Adm 2002; 32(2): 85-90.
Melnyk BM, Fineout-Overholt E, Fischbeck FN, Li H, Small L, Wilcox L, et al. Nurses' perceived knowledge, beliefs, skills, and needs regarding evidence-based practice: Implications for accelerating the paradigm shift. Worldviews Evid Based Nurs 2004; 1(3): 185-93.
Majid S, Foo S, Luyt B, Zhang X, Theng YL, Chang YK, et al. Adopting evidence-based practice in clinical decision making: Nurses' perceptions, knowledge, and barriers. J Med Libr Assoc 2011; 99(3): 229-36.
Shirey MR. Evidence-based practice: How nurse leaders can facilitate innovation. Nurs Adm Q 2006; 30(3): 252-65.
Upton D, Upton P. Development of an evidence-based practice questionnaire for nurses. J Adv Nurs 2006; 53(4): 454-8.
Mehrdad N, Salsali M, Kazemnejad A. The spectrum of barriers to and facilitators of research utilization in Iranian nursing. J Clin Nurs 2008; 17(16): 2194-202.
Pravikoff DS, Tanner AB, Pierce ST. Readiness of U.S. nurses for evidence-based practice. Am J Nurs 2005; 105(9): 40-51.
Brown CE, Wickline MA, Ecoff L, Glaser D. Nursing practice, knowledge, attitudes and perceived barriers to evidence-based practice at an academic medical center. J Adv Nurs 2009; 65(2): 371-81.
Koehn ML, Lehman K. Nurses' perceptions of evidence-based nursing practice. J Adv Nurs 2008; 62(2): 209-15.
Funk SG, Champagne MT, Wiese RA, Tornquist EM. Barriers: The barriers to research utilization scale. Appl Nurs Res 1991; 4(1): 39-45.
Shafiei E, Baratimarnani A, Goharinezhad S, Kalhor R, Azmal M. Nurses' perceptions of evidence-based practice: A quantitative study at a teaching hospital in Iran. Med J Islam Repub Iran 2014; 28: 135.
Upton D, Upton P. Nurses' attitudes to evidence-based practice: Impact of a national policy. Br J Nurs 2005; 14(5): 284-8.
Thiel L, Ghosh Y. Determining registered nurses' readiness for evidence-based practice. Worldviews Evid Based Nurs 2008; 5(4): 182-92.
Brown CE, Ecoff L, Kim SC, Wickline MA, Rose B, Klimpel K, et al. Multi-institutional study of barriers to research utilisation and evidence-based practice among hospital nurses. J Clin Nurs 2010; 19(13-14): 1944-51.
McCleary L, Brown GT. Barriers to paediatric nurses' research utilization. J Adv Nurs 2003; 42(4): 364-72.
Wallin L, Ewald U, Wikblad K, Scott-Findlay S, Arnetz BB. Understanding work contextual factors: A short-cut to evidence-based practice? Worldviews Evid Based Nurs 2006; 3(4): 153-64.
Cummings GG, Estabrooks CA, Midodzi WK, Wallin L, Hayduk L. Influence of organizational characteristics and context on research utilization. Nurs Res 2007; 56(4 Suppl): S24-S39.
Glacken M, Chaney D. Perceived barriers and facilitators to implementing research findings in the Irish practice setting. J Clin Nurs 2004; 13(6): 731-40.
Lapierre E, Ritchey K, Newhouse R. Barriers to research use in the PACU. J Perianesth Nurs 2004; 19(2): 78-83.
Karkos B, Peters K. A Magnet community hospital: Fewer barriers to nursing research utilization. J Nurs Adm 2006; 36(7-8): 377-82.
Solomons NM, Spross JA. Evidence-based practice barriers and facilitators from a continuous quality improvement perspective: An integrative review. J Nurs Manag 2011; 19(1): 109-20.
Retsas A. Barriers to using research evidence in nursing practice. J Adv Nurs 2000; 31(3): 599-606.
