Prevalence, Morphology, and Complications of Mesiodens: “A Retrospective Panoramic Radiographic Study among Children with Mixed Dentition in Lorestan, Iran
Mesiodens in Mixed Dentition: A Retrospective Study
Keywords:
Prevalence, Mesiodens, Children, Mixed DentitionAbstract
Introduction: Supernumerary teeth are common developmental dental anomalies, with mesiodens being the most frequent type, typically located in the anterior maxilla. These teeth may appear singly or in multiples and can cause various complications, including delayed eruption, diastema, malocclusion, and, in rare cases, nasal eruption.
This study aimed to determine the prevalence, morphology, and associated complications of mesiodens in children with mixed dentition using panoramic radiographs.
Methods: This descriptive retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on panoramic radiographs collected between 2017 and 2021 at the Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Iran. A total of 1,361 panoramic radiographs of children in the mixed dentition stage were evaluated to assess the presence, morphology, and associated complications of mesiodens. Statistical comparisons were performed using Chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests.
Results: Mesiodens was identified in 18 children, yielding a prevalence of 1.3%. No significant differences were observed in prevalence according to institution, gender, or year of referral (P > 0.05). The conical form was the most common morphological type (55.6%), and the majority of cases (61.1%) were asymptomatic. Among symptomatic cases, midline diastema (22.2%) and delayed eruption of adjacent teeth (16.7%) were the most frequent complications. A statistically significant association was found between gender and the presence of complications, with females showing a higher frequency of clinical problems (P = 0.026).
Conclusion: Mesiodens is an uncommon finding in children with mixed dentition in Lorestan Province, with a stable prevalence over time. Although most cases are asymptomatic, clinically significant complications—particularly in female patients may occur. These findings emphasize the importance of routine panoramic radiographic evaluation during the mixed dentition period for early detection and appropriate management of mesiodens.
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