http://cdjournal.muk.ac.ir/index.php/cdj The Chronic Diseases Journal is a quarterly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences since 2013. This journal has the certification of Medical Journals Commission of Iranian Ministry of Health and Medical Education as a S IENTIFIC-RESEARCH journal from 2019 (No. 1392/04/20-15/92/4508). In each year, this journal publishes about 32 to 40 research and 2 to 3 review articles. Time from submission to first decision is 2 days, time from submission to final decision is 3 weeks, and time from acceptance to publication is 2-10 weeks. Vesnu Publications en-US Chronic Diseases Journal 2588-7297 http://cdjournal.muk.ac.ir/index.php/cdj/article/view/773 BACKGROUND: Physical activities have effects on the improvement of motor performance. Age-related changes revealed that different factors were effective on the reaction and response time. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of exercise and physical activities on the reaction and response times in older people. METHODS: The study method was casual-comparative and the study population consisted of older people of Sanandaj City, Iran. 30 inactive persons were randomly selected and 30 active and available persons were also selected in this city, and their reaction and response times were measured. The reaction and response times were measured by the reaction timer made by Takei Company (model YB1000) and through the Nelson's Speed of Movement test, respectively. Kolmogorov-Smirnov test (K-S test) and independent t-test were used for data analysis of the descriptive statistics (P < 0.05). RESULTS: K-S test revealed that results had a normal distribution. According to the findings, exercise and physical activity had a positive effect on reaction and response times, so that the results of the independent t-test showed that the active group had significantly lower reaction time (P < 0.001) and response time (P < 0.001) than the inactive group. CONCLUSION: Exercise and physical activities lead to the decrement in reaction and response times through the positive physiological and psychomotor changes.   Helia Karimimoghadam Mehrangiz Azmoun-Cavan Seyran Mohamadi-Bolbanabad Golaleh Karbasi Copyright (c) 2022 Chronic Diseases Journal https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 2023-01-05 2023-01-05 247 252 10.22122/cdj.v10i4.773